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# sirv 
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> The optimized and lightweight middleware for serving requests to static assets
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You may use `sirv` as a *very* fast and lightweight alternative to [`serve-static`](https://www.npmjs.com/package/serve-static).
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The massive performance advantage over `serve-static` is explained by **not** relying on the file system for existence checks on every request. These are expensive interactions and must be avoided whenever possible! Instead, when not in "dev" mode, `sirv` performs all its file-system operations upfront and then relies on its cache for future operations.
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This middleware will work out of the box for [Polka](https://github.com/lukeed/polka), Express, and other Express-like frameworks. It will also work with the native `http`, `https` and `http2` modules. It requires _very_ little effort to modify/wrap it for servers that don't accept the `(req, res, next)` signature.
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:bulb: For a feature-complete CLI application, check out the sibling [`sirv-cli`](https://github.com/lukeed/sirv/tree/master/packages/sirv-cli) package as an alternative to [`zeit/serve`](https://github.com/zeit/serve)~!
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## Install
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```
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$ npm install --save sirv
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```
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## Usage
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```js
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const sirv = require('sirv');
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const polka = require('polka');
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const compress = require('compression')();
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// Init `sirv` handler
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const assets = sirv('public', {
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maxAge: 31536000, // 1Y
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immutable: true
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});
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polka()
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.use(compress, assets)
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.use('/api', require('./api'))
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.listen(3000, err => {
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if (err) throw err;
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console.log('> Ready on localhost:3000~!');
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});
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```
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## API
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### sirv(dir, opts={})
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Returns: `Function`
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The returned function is a middleware in the standard Express-like signature: `(req, res, next)`, where `req` is the [`http.IncomingMessage`](https://nodejs.org/api/http.html#http_class_http_incomingmessage), `res` is the [`http.ServerResponse`](https://nodejs.org/dist/latest-v9.x/docs/api/http.html#http_class_http_serverresponse), and `next` (in this case) is the function to call if no file was found for the given path.
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When defined, a `next()` callback is always called _instead of_ the [`opts.onNoMatch`](#optsonnomatch) callback. However, unlike `onNoMatch`, your `next()` is given no arguments.
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#### dir
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Type: `String`<br>
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Default: `.`
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The directory from which to read and serve assets. It is resolved to an absolute path — you must provide an absolute path yourself if `process.cwd()` is not the correct assumption.
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#### opts.dev
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Type: `Boolean`<br>
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Default: `false`
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Enable "dev" mode, which disables/skips caching. Instead, `sirv` will traverse the file system ***on every request***.
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Additionally, `dev` mode will ignore `maxAge` and `immutable` as these options generate a production-oriented `Cache-Control` header value.
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> **Important:** Do not use `dev` mode in production!
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#### opts.etag
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Type: `Boolean`<br>
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Default: `false`
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Generate and attach an `ETag` header to responses.
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> **Note:** If an incoming request's [`If-None-Match` header](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/If-None-Match) matches the `ETag` value, a `304` response is given.
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#### opts.dotfiles
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Type: `Boolean`<br>
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Default: `false`
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Allow requests to dotfiles (files or directories beginning with a `.`).
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> **Note:** Requests to [`/.well-known/*`](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8615) are always allowed.
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#### opts.extensions
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Type: `Array<String>`<br>
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Default: `['html', 'htm']`
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The file extension fallbacks to check for if a pathame is not initially found. For example, if a `/login` request cannot find a `login` filename, it will then look for `login.html` and `login.htm` before giving up~!
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> **Important:** Actually, `sirv` will **also** look for `login/index.html` and `login/index.htm` before giving up.
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#### opts.gzip
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Type: `Boolean`<br>
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Default: `false`
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Determine if `sirv` look for **precompiled** `*.gz` files.<br>
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Must be enabled _and_ the incoming request's [`Accept Encoding`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Accept-Encoding) must include "gzip" in order for `sirv` to search for the gzip'd alternative.
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> **Note:** The `.gz` assumption also applies to the `opts.extensions` list.
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```js
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// NOTE: PSEUDO CODE
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// Showing lookup logic
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// Request: [Accept-Encoding: gzip] "/foobar.jpg"
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lookup([
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'/foobar.jpg.gz', '/foobar.jpg',
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'/foobar.jpg.html.gz', '/foobar.jpg/index.html.gz',
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'/foobar.jpg.htm.gz', '/foobar.jpg/index.htm.gz',
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'/foobar.jpg.html', '/foobar.jpg/index.html',
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'/foobar.jpg.htm', '/foobar.jpg/index.htm',
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]);
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// Request: [Accept-Encoding: gzip] "/"
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lookup([
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'/index.html.gz',
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'/index.htm.gz',
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'/index.html',
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'/index.htm',
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]);
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```
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#### opts.brotli
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Type: `Boolean`<br>
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Default: `false`
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Determine if `sirv` look for **precompiled** `*.br` files.<br>
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Must be enabled _and_ the incoming request's [`Accept Encoding`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Accept-Encoding) must include either "br" or "brotli" in order for `sirv` to search for the brotli-compressed alternative.
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> **Note:** The `.br` assumption also applies to the `opts.extensions` list.
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When both `opts.broli` and `opts.gzip` are enabled — and all conditions are equal — then the brotli variant always takes priority.
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```js
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// NOTE: PSEUDO CODE
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// Showing lookup logic
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// Request: [Accept-Encoding: br] "/foobar.jpg"
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lookup([
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'/foobar.jpg.br', '/foobar.jpg',
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'/foobar.jpg.html.br', '/foobar.jpg/index.html.br',
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'/foobar.jpg.htm.br', '/foobar.jpg/index.htm.br',
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'/foobar.jpg.html', '/foobar.jpg/index.html',
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'/foobar.jpg.htm', '/foobar.jpg/index.htm',
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]);
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// Request: [Accept-Encoding: br,gz] "/"
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lookup([
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'/index.html.br'
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'/index.htm.br'
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'/index.html.gz'
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'/index.htm.gz'
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'/index.html'
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'/index.htm'
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]);
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```
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#### opts.maxAge
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Type: `Number`<br>
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Default: `undefined`
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Enables the `Cache-Control` header on responses and sets the `max-age` value (in seconds).<br>
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For example, `maxAge: 31536000` is equivalent to one year.
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#### opts.immutable
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Type: `Boolean`<br>
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Default: `false`
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Appends the [`immutable` directive](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Cache-Control#Revalidation_and_reloading) on your `Cache-Control` header, used for uniquely-named assets that will not change!
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> **Important:** Will only work if `opts.maxAge` has a value defined!
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#### opts.single
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Type: `Boolean` or `String`<br>
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Default: `false`
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Treat the directory as a single-page application.
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When `true`, the directory's index page (default `index.html`) will be sent if the request asset does not exist.<br>
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You may pass a `string` value to use a file _instead of_ `index.html` as your fallback.
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For example, if "/about" is requested but no variants of that file exist, then the response for "/" is sent instead:
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```js
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// Note: This is psuedo code to illustrate what's happening
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// Request: "/about"
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let file = find(['/about', '/about.html', '/about.htm', '/about/index.html', '/about.htm']);
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if (file) {
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send(file);
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} else if (opts.single === true) {
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file = find(['/', '/index.html', '/index.htm']);
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send(file);
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} else if (typeof opts.single === 'string') {
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file = find([opts.single]);
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send(file);
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} else {
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// next() or 404
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}
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```
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#### opts.ignores
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Type: `false` or `Array<String | RegExp>`
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Specify paths/patterns that should ignore the fallback behavior that `opts.single` provides.
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By default, any asset-like path (URLs that end with an extension) will be ignored. This means that, for example, if `/foobar.jpg` is not found, a `404` response is sent instead of the `index.html` fallback.
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Additionally, any `/.well-known/*` pathname ignores the fallback – as do all other dotfile requests when `opts.dotfiles` is enabled.
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Any string value(s) will be passed through `new RegExp(value, 'i')` directly.
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Finally, you may set `ignores: false` to disable ***all*** ignores, including the defaults. Put differently, this will fallback ***all*** unknown pathnames to your `index.html` (or custom `opts.single` value).
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> **Important:** Only has an effect if `opts.single` is enabled.
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#### opts.onNoMatch
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Type: `Function`
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A custom function to run if a file cannot be found for a given request. <br>By default, `sirv` will send a basic `(404) Not found` response.
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The function receives the current `req <IncomingMessage>, res <ServerResponse>` pair for as its two arguments.
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> **Note:** This won't run if a `next` callback has been provided to the middleware; see [`sirv`](#sirvdir-opts) description.
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#### opts.setHeaders
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Type: `Function`
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A custom function to append or change any headers on the outgoing response. There is no default.
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Its signature is `(res, pathname, stats)`, where `res` is the `ServerResponse`, `pathname` is incoming request path (stripped of queries), and `stats` is the file's result from [`fs.statSync`](https://nodejs.org/api/fs.html#fs_fs_statsync_path).
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## License
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MIT © [Luke Edwards](https://lukeed.com)
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